感官動詞的被動 |be seen to V和be seen V-ing差別在哪?
在前面的文章中討論到感官動詞see, hear等,可表示看到或聽到受詞在做某事,在加受詞後,後面須接原形動詞或V-ing。也就是,強調「事實」時,在受詞後面加原形動詞,而表示「正在進行的動作」,在受詞後面加V-ing。
那如果是想要強調受詞,讓它變成主詞,形成被動語態,感官動詞的被動 表示「被看到」或「被聽到」在做某事呢?後面接什麼動詞形呢?很簡單,用be seen + to V或be heard + to V表示「事實」、be seen + V-ing或be heard + V-ing強調「進行」就可以囉!
一起來學習 感官動詞的被動 用法吧!
感官動詞的被動
I. be seen +to V
- 感官動詞種類很多,有see, watch, hear, listen to等,基本用法請見連結。本篇的感官動詞以see代表。
- 這個句型是從「see +O + 原形V」變來。
- 當受詞比較重要時,把受詞拿去當新的主詞就形成被動語態,用be seen/heard + to V 。
- 這個用法強調「被看到」或「被聽到」做某事的事實。
- 注意在轉換時要留意be動詞的單、複數變化。
We saw some kids build a sand castle on the beach.
= Some kids were seen to build a sand castle on the beach.
(一些孩子被看到在海灘上堆沙堡。)
→ be seen to build a sand castle表示被看見堆沙堡的事實
Many people heard someone play the drums yesterday afternoon.
= Someone was heard to play the drums yesterday afternoon.
(昨天下午,有人被聽到在打鼓。)
→ be heard to play the drums表示有人被聽到在打鼓的事實
A poor man was seen to tremble with cold in the chilly wind.
(一個可憐的人被看到在寒冷的風中凍得發抖。)
→ be seen to tremble with cold表示有人被看到凍得發抖的事實
Some teenagers were heard to argue loudly on the street.
(一些青少年被聽到在街上大聲爭吵。)
→ be heard to argue表示有人被聽到大聲爭吵的事實
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II. be seen +V-ing
- 這個句型從「see/hear +O + V-ing」變來。
- 當受詞比較重要時,把受詞拿去當新的主詞就形成被動語態,用be seen/heard + V-ing 。
- 這個用法強調「被看到」或「被聽到」正在進行的動作。
- 注意在轉換時要留意be動詞的單、複數變化。
We saw a dog chasing a cat.
= A dog was seen chasing a cat.
(一隻狗被看到在追一隻貓。)
→ be seen chasing表示被看到正在追
I heard someone talking loudly on the phone.
= Someone was heard talking loudly on the phone.
(有人被聽到在大聲說話。)
→ be heard talking表示被聽到正在說話
A woman was seen telling off her naughty son.
(一個女人被看到在訓斥她調皮的兒子。)
→ be seen telling off表示被看到正在訓斥
Many birds were heard chirping in the tree.
(許多鳥被聽到在樹上唱歌。)
→ be heard chirping表示被聽到正在唱歌
✏️牛刀小試 [正解在最後]
- A snake was seen _______ its prey slowly.
(A) swallows
(B) swallow
(C) to swallow
(D) swallowed - The leaves ________ in the wind.
(A) were heard rustle
(B) were heard rustling
(C) heard rustling
(D) were seen ruslte - 有人被聽到在隔壁房間說悄悄話。
____________________________________________________________
🔑 正解:
1. C
2. B
3. Someone was heard whispering in the next room.