as if用法 |表示事實或與事實相反的彷彿
as if用法 表示「彷彿」,等於as though,用於表示「覺得…好像是~情形」的意思,有二種含意,後面可以加「直說法」和「假設法」。
當我們說「Luke說起話來彷彿他什麼都懂」的句子時,意思有二種。一種是我真心覺得Luke懂很多,表示真實的情形,as if/as though後面接一般時態;另一種是Luke事實上並非真的懂很多,只是說起話來貌似什麼都懂,表達與事實相反的情形,as if/as though後面接假設語氣。
一起來學習as if和as though的用法吧!
as if用法 和as though
I. as if/as though + S + 一般時態
- 如果說話者覺得「彷彿」是表示真實的情形,as if/as though後面接正常時態
Mr. Wilkins is intelligent. He always talks as if/as though he knows everything.
(Mr. Wilkins很聰明,他說話的樣子彷彿他懂得每件事情。)
💡 前面有說Mr. Wilkins很聰明,他確實懂得很多事情,符合事實,不須用特殊時態
Kate kept coughing. She looked as if/as though she had a serious cold.
(Kate一直咳嗽。她看起來好像有嚴重的感冒。)
💡 從不停咳嗽的症狀看來,Kate很有可能重感冒,符合事實,不須用特殊時態
II. as if/as though + S + 假設語氣(were/V-ed)
- 當V2是事實相反,且V1和V2在同一個時間點時,用這個句型,動詞為were或V-ed。
The patient doctor treats his patients as if/as though they were his family.
(醫生很有耐心,視病猶親。)
💡 事實上,病人不是醫生的親人,V2和V1同一個時間點,用were
The actress performed as if/as though she were a professional dancer.
(這演員表演得好像她是個專業的舞者。)
💡 事實上,演員並不是專業舞者,V2和V1同一個時間點,用V-ed
III. as if/as though + S + 假設語氣(had pp)
- 當V2是事實相反時,V2比較早或持續一段時間時,用這個句型,動詞為had pp。
The meal was so delicious that I ate a lot. I felt as if/as though I had eaten a large horse.
(這餐太美味,我吃了好多。我感覺已經吃下一匹馬了。)
💡 我並非真的吃下一匹馬,用假設法,V2比V1早發生,用had pp
The baseball player sweated a lot. She smelled as if/as though she had not taken a shower for a week.
(這籃球員流很多汗。她聞起來好像已經一週沒洗澡了。)
💡 事實上,籃球員並非真的一週沒洗澡,與過去相反,V2持續一段時間,用had pp
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✏️牛刀小試
- Mia had a nightmare and screamed. She looked as if she ________ a real monster.
(A) has seen
(B) sees
(C) saw
(D) had seen - The child always talks as if he ________ an adult.
(A) had been
(B) were
(C) is
(D) was - Be careful when you walk down the ladder. The picture hanging above looks as if it _______ going to fall.
(A) was
(B) is
(C) were
(D) had been
📜 假設語氣相關用法連結:
正解:
1. D
2. B
3. B