第三人稱單數 現在式動詞變化 |從發音記規則不再霧沙沙

在前文現在簡單式的說明中提到一般動詞遇到 第三人稱單數 的主詞(如he, she, it, Frank, Sheila, the information)時需要特殊變化,一般動詞就需要加以變化。

首先,先了解「一般動詞」的定義,指的是be動詞(am, are, is, was, were)與助動詞(do, does, did, would, could, might, should)外的表示動作的動詞。

第三人稱現在式的動詞變化主要是在字尾加-s或-es,要配合動詞字尾而有不同。我們可以用表格來記,清楚又好懂喔!

 

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現在簡單式的 第三人稱單數 動詞變化

一般規則

字尾加 -slie→lies,
sing→sings,
read→reads,
talk→talks,
draw→draws,
listen→listens,
welcome→welcomes
exercise→exercises,
contain→contains,
digest→digests,
commute→commutes

 

字尾是-s,  -x, -ch, -sh, -o, -z

(這類字發音是[s]、[ʃ]、[z]結尾,直接加-s無法發音,-o類字是要避免改變發音)

字尾加-esmiss→misses,
kiss→kisses,
express→expresses,
mix→mixes,
fix→fixes,
touch→touches,
reach→reaches,
watch→watches,
wash→washes,
push→pushes,
go→goes,
echo→echoes,
buzz→buzzes

 

有紮實的文法概念對於新多益或英檢考試都能輕鬆應付。面對多益100題選擇,絕對要把握前30題用來飆分搶時的文法與單字題。如果要結合新多益(New TOEIC)準備,推薦怪物講師系列。有興趣的朋友,也可以到 博客來網路書店 參考:

 

當字尾是-y

a.子音+-y (子音+-y不能直接發音,所以去y加 -ies)

去y加-iesfly→flies,
dry→dries
study→studies,
carry→carries
beautify→beautifies
simplify→simplies

b.母音+-y (母音+-y可以直接發音,所以只加 -s)

字尾加-sstay→stays,
play→plays,
pray→prays

 

2. 不規則變化

have -> has

 

 

✏️牛刀小試 [正解在最後]

I. 請將動詞改成第三人稱單數動詞形

1. knit(1)2. press(2)
3. brush(3)4. fax(4)
5. justify(5)6. spray(6)

II. 請挑出錯誤並訂正
1. Alice go to school early every day. She are always the earliest one in her class.
–> ________; __________
2. My parents has different hobbies. Dad enjoy swimming, while Mom love cooking.
–> ________; __________

📜 動詞時態的用法連結:


正解:
I.
(1) knits;
(2) presses;
(3) brushes;
(4) faxes;
(5) justifies;
(6) sprays

II.
1. Alice go to school early every day. She are always the earlies one in her class.
–> goes; is
2. My parents has different hobbies. Dad enjoy swimming, while Mom love cooking.
–> have; enjoys; loves

 

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