whoever用法 |whatever等複合關係代名詞句型

關係代名詞who、whom、which可以和-ever結合成whoever、whomever、whichever、與whatever,成為複合關係代名詞,表示「任何~」的意思。 whoever用法 等是很常見的句型。

whoever意思是「任何人」、whomever「任何人」、whichever「任何一個」、與whatever「任何事物」,可以當主詞或受詞。複合關係代名詞當主詞時,後面接單數動詞。另一種是複合關係副詞,是也有-ever形的whenever(不論何時)、wherever(不論何地)、however(不論如何),這些是當副詞用,功能來分辨,有助理解喔。

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whoever用法 :複合關係代名詞whoever、whomever、whatever、whichever

複合關係代名詞代換意思
whoever= anyone  who任何人(主詞)
whomever= anyone whom/that任何人(受詞)
whatever= anything that任何事物(主/受詞)
whichever= any one of them that任何一個

 

whoever (任何人) = anyone who

  1. 複合關係代名詞whoever等於anyone who,引導名詞子句,當名詞子句的主詞
  2. 注意,使用whoever或whomever是以在名詞子句中的功能決定。

Whoever is interested in this topic can join the discussion.

= Anyone who is interested in this topic can join the discussion.

(任何對這主題有興趣的人可以加入討論。)

💡 whoever引導名詞子句當整句的主詞,而在名詞子句中,whoever當主詞

 

We welcome whoever is interested in this topic to join the discussion.

= We welcome anyone who is interested in this topic to join the discussion.

(我們歡迎任何對這主題有興趣的人加入討論。)

💡 whoever引導名詞子句當welcome的受詞,而在名詞子句中,whoever當主詞

 

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whomever (任何人) = anyone whom

  1. 複合關係代名詞whomever等於anyone whom,引導名詞子句,當名詞子句的受詞
  2. 注意,使用whoever或whomever是以在名詞子句中的功能決定。

Whomever Nora invites can join the discussion.

= Anyone whom/that Nora invites can join the discussion.

(任何Nora邀請的人可以加入討論。)

💡 whomever引導名詞子句當整句的主詞,而在名詞子句中,whomever當invites的受詞

 

We welcome whomever Nora invites to join the discussion.

= We welcome anyone whom/that Nora invites to join the discussion.

(我們歡迎任何Nora邀請的人加入討論。)

💡 whoever引導名詞子句當welcome的受詞,而在名詞子句中,whoever當invites的受詞

 

whatever (任何…的東西/事物) = anything that

  1. 複合關係代名詞whatever等於anything that,引導名詞子句,當名詞子句的主詞受詞
  2. 注意,確定whatever是主詞或受詞是以它在名詞子句中的功能決定。

Whatever was proposed was written in the report.

= Anything that was proposed was written in the report.

(任何被提議的事情都寫在報告裡。)

💡 whatever引導名詞子句當整句的主詞,而在名詞子句中,whatever當主詞

 

We had written down whatever the team members proposed in the report.

= We had written down anything that the team members proposed in the report.

(我們已經將任何被提議的事情都寫在報告裡。)

💡 whatver引導名詞子句當write down的受詞,而在名詞子句中,whatver當proposed的受詞

 

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whichever (任一東西/事物) = any one of them that

  1. 複合關係代名詞whichever等於any one of them that,引導名詞子句,當名詞子句的主詞受詞,用於表示選擇性的時候。
  2. 注意,確定whichever是主詞或受詞是以它在名詞子句中的功能決定。

In this shop, there are many stylish hats. Whichever is displayed on the shelf looks trendy.

= In this shop, there are many stylish hats. Any one of them that is displayed on the shelf looks trendy.

(這間帽子店裡有許多時髦的帽子。任何一頂被展示在架上的帽子看起來都很潮。)

💡 whichever引導名詞子句當整句的主詞,而在名詞子句中,whichever當主詞

 

In this shop, there are many stylish hats. Whichever the clerk displays on the shelf looks trendy.

= In this shop, there are many stylish hats. Any one of them that that the clerk displays on the shelf looks trendy.

(這間帽子店裡有許多時髦的帽子。任何一頂店員展示在架上的帽子看起來都很潮。)

💡 whichever引導名詞子句當整句的主詞,而在名詞子句中,whichever當display的受詞

 

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✏️牛刀小試[正解在最後]

  1. ________ pays the fees can renew his or her membership .
    (A) Whichever
    (B) Who
    (C) Whoever
    (D) Whomever
  2. Please show your ID card to _________ stands in front of the door.
    (A) anyone
    (B) whom
    (C) whoever
    (D) whomever
  3. The award will be given to _________ the judges choose.
    (A) whom
    (B) whomever
    (C) whoever
    (D) that
  4. This department store is having a sale. __________ you choose is sure to be cheaper than the products in other department stores.
    (A) That
    (B) Whomever
    (C) Whoever
    (D) Whatever
  5. 我會贈送你選的任一本書。
    _______________________________

📜 關係詞的用法連結:


正解:

1. C

2. C

3. B

4. D

5. I will give you whichever of the books you choose.

 

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