關係副詞 when、where、why用法 |關副也有非限定嗎?

關係詞有關係代名詞、關係形容詞、還有當副詞用的 關係副詞 when、where、why。

關係副詞也有代替的功能,但是關副是代替整組的副詞,也就是含有「介系詞加先行詞」的組合,所以後面會接完整子句,不會影響句子的結構,需要和關係代名詞做區分。關係副詞和關係代名詞的區分是大型考試中很常出現的題目,一定要分清楚。

在這一篇,一起來學關係副詞的用法。

 

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關係副詞 的基本概念

  1. 關代的基本概念是引導形容詞子句修飾先行詞,在形容詞子句中關代可當主詞或受詞。
  2. 同理,在形容詞子句中當「介系詞+關代」的組合是代表「地方、時間、原因」時,即有副詞的意思,可以直接代換成關係副詞。例如:

Spring is the season.
Many flowers bloom and plants thrive in spring.

= Spring is the season which flowers bloom and plants thrive in.

= Spring is the season in which flowers bloom and plants thrive.

= Spring is the season when flowers bloom and plants thrive.

(春天是花兒綻放、植物茁壯的季節。)

💡 關代只能代替名詞,介系詞必須保留且可以移到關代前,變成「in which」。in which在本句指的是時間,直接簡化代換成關係副詞when

 

這就是關係副詞的由來囉!再來試一題!

 

 Schools are the places.
Students can learn much knowledge in these places.

= Schools are the places which students can learn much knowledge in.

= Schools are the places in which students can learn much knowledge.

= Schools are the places where students can learn much knowledge.

(學校是學生可以學很多知識的地方。)

💡 關代只能代替名詞,介系詞必須保留且可以移到關代前,變成「in which」。in which在本句指的是地方,直接簡化代換成關係副詞where

 

關係副詞 的用法

  1. 關係副詞有三個:when、where和why,選擇取決於先行詞。
  2. 先行詞為時間時,關係副詞用when;先行詞為地點時,關係副詞用where;先行詞為原因時,關係副詞用why。

I. 時間+when

Christmas holidays are the days when Western people have a reunion with their family.

(耶誕節假期是西方人與家人團聚的日子。)

→ 先行詞是the days,是時間,用關係副詞when引導形容詞子句修飾the days

 

The temperature is usually high at noon when the sun is hanging in the sky.

(氣溫在太陽高掛天空的時候的中午時通常很高。)

→ 先行詞是noon,是時間,用關係副詞when引導形容詞子句修飾noon

 

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II. 地點+where

Convenience stores are the places where Brianca shops for her daily necessities.

(便利商店是Brinanca買日用品的地方。)

→ 先行詞是the places,是地點,用關係副詞where引導形容詞子句修飾places

 

Instagram is the platform where young people share their photos with others.

(IG是年輕人和其他人分享照片的平台。)

→ 先行詞是the platforms,是地點,用關係副詞where引導形容詞子句修飾the platforms

 

III. 原因+why

Everyone is talking about the reason why the singer broke up with his girlfriend.

(大家都在討論這歌手和女友分手的原因。)

→ 先行詞是the reason,是原因,用關係副詞why引導形容詞子句修飾the reason

 

關係副詞 的非限定用法

  1. 同學可以先複習非限定用法再學關係副詞的非限定用法。
  2. 當先行詞是專有名詞唯一特定時,關係副詞也必須加上逗點

My roommate dreams of revisiting the Disney Theme Park, where she and her boyfriend had created many memories.

(我的室友夢想再去迪士尼主題樂園,她和男友在那兒有許多回憶。)

→ 先行詞是the Disney Theme Park,因此關係副詞where前必須加上逗號

 

In this small town, this is the only grocery store, where the townspeople purchase groceries.

(在這小鎮,這是唯一鎮民買雜貨的地方。)

→ 先行詞是the grocery store,因此關係副詞where前必須加上逗號

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✏️牛刀小試

  1. Lydia got the offer from her dream college _______ many celebrities used to study. (可複選)
    (A) who
    (B) where
    (C) in which
    (D) which
  2. The year 2009 was the year _______ “King of Pop” Michael Jackson died. (可複選)
    (A) when
    (B) whom
    (C) that
    (D) in which
  3. The worry about security is the reason ________ the school set up more cameras on campus. (可複選)
    (A) which
    (B) that
    (C) why
    (D) for which

📜 關係詞的用法連結:

正解:

1. B, C

2. A, D

3. C, D

 

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