複合關係代名詞 wh-ever |當任何和不論的差別?

疑問詞加-ever 是 複合關係代名詞 。同樣身為wh-ever 「疑問詞加-ever」的形，whoever可表示任何…的人，也可表示不論誰，這二者要怎麼分呢？whatever有二種用法嗎？wherever的意思有幾種？

好像很複雜，其實它們的最大差別就是功能不同！從這個觀念分辨，5分鐘搭配表格一目了然喔！一起來複習(複合關代&複合副詞)和比較吧！

 

 

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疑問詞加-ever  複合關代名詞 用法

I. 複合關係代名詞 引導名詞子句

  1. 這此用法中，wh-+ever當「任何～」解。
  2. 複合關係代名詞引導的是名詞子句，當句子的主詞或受詞，等於anyone wh-，二子句間不需要加逗點。
複合關係代名詞引導名詞子句
whoever (任何…的人)當主詞，引導名詞子句直接是句子的一部份，不加逗點= anyone who
whomever (任何…的人)當受詞，引導的名詞子句直接是句子的一部份，不加逗點= anyone whom
whatever(任何東西)當主詞or受詞，直接是句子的一部份，不加逗點= anything that
whichever（任何一個)當形容詞or受詞or主詞，直接是句子的一部份，不加逗點= anyone of them which

Whoever receives the most feedback is the winner of this game.
= Anyone who receives the most feedback is the winner of this game.

(誰收到最多的反饋誰就是這場比賽的贏家。)

→ 名詞子句whoever…feedback當主詞，在子句中whoever當主詞，是句子的一部分

 

You can share your lunch box with whomever you go picnicking with.
= You can share your lunch box with anyone whom you go picnicking with.

(不論你和誰一起去野餐，都可以和他/她分享你的便當。）

→ 名詞子句whomever…with當受詞，在子句中whomever也當主詞，是句子的一部分

 

Whatever this passe actress’ life is like arouses no interest of her old fans.

(任何這位過氣女演員的生活是什麼樣，都沒有引起過她以前粉絲的興趣。 )

→ 名詞子句Whatever…like當主詞，在子句中Whatever當主詞，是句子的一部分

 

Lilly’s bad reputation has been decreasing with her age; thus, people seldom believe whatever she says.

(隨著年齡的增長，莉莉的名聲越來越差； 因此，人們很少相信她所說的。)

 

 

II. 複合關係代名詞 引導副詞子句

  1. 這此用法中，wh-+ever當「不論～」解。
  2. 複合關係代名詞引導的是副詞子句，等於no matter wh-，二子句間需要加逗點。
複合關係代名詞引導名詞子句
whoever (不論誰)引導副詞子句= no matter who
whomever (不論誰)引導副詞子句= no matter whom
whatever (不論什麼)引導副詞子句= no matter what
whichever (不論哪個)引導副詞子句= no matter which
whenever (不論何時)引導副詞子句= no matter when
wherever (不論何時)引導副詞子句= no matter where
however (不論如何)引導副詞子句= no matter how

Whoever reaches the finish line first, he or she is the winner of this game.
= No matter who reaches the finish line first, he or she is the winner of this game.
(不論誰先到終點，他或她就是這場比賽的贏家。)
→ Whoever…first當副詞子句

 

Whatever George says, he can’t help Olivia get rid of her bad habit.
= No matter what George says, he can’t help Olivia get rid of her bad habit.
(不論George說什麼，他無法幫Olivia戒掉壞習慣。）

 

Wherever you are, I will be right here waiting for you.
= No matter where you are, I will be right here waiting for you.
(不論你在哪裡，我都會在這等著你。)

 

However hard Billy tried, he couldn’t reach the shelf.
= No matter how hard Billy tried, he couldn’t reach the shelf.
(不論Billy多努力嘗試，他都碰不到架子。)

 

 

✏️牛刀小試

  1. ________ challenging the task is, the determined man won’t give up.
    (A) Whatever
    (B) However
    (C) Whenever
    (D) Anyone that
  2. ________ the manager promotes, we will work hard.
    (A) Whenever
    (B) No matter whom
    (C) Anyone who
    (D) Whichever
  3. 不論你看哪個節目，要保持音量小聲。
    __________________________

📜 關係詞的用法連結：

正解：

1. B

2. B

3. Whichever program you watch, you have the keep the volume down.

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