that名詞子句 用法大全 |當主詞,受詞,同位語,主詞補語
that的功能很多,包含引導 that名詞子句 和關係子句(形容詞子句)的用法。同樣是that開頭,這二個子句用法完全不一樣,只要從「功能」來理解就很容易。
that引導名詞子句時是當名詞用,有名詞的特性;引導關係子句時是當形容詞用,屬於形容詞的特性,這二種子句的分辨請見這一篇。that引導名詞子句的用法很常見,一起來學吧!
that名詞子句 的句型:that + S + V(+O)
that可以引導名詞子句,單純擔任符號的角色,所以後面加完整的子句結構S+V(+O)。這點和that引導關代子句很不一樣。
that引導的名詞子句視為名詞,具有名詞的各種特性,可以當主詞、受詞、同位語、主詞補語。
I. 當主詞
- that引導名詞子句時,可以當主詞,整個子句看成一個單元,後面接單數動詞。不過這樣的寫法會讓句子有頭重腳輕的問題,大多會改成以虛主詞It代替真主詞的句型,請參考虛主詞It的用法篇。
- that子句當主詞時,that不可以省略,會影響句子結構。
That the child can memorize 50 poems has surprised many people.
= It has surprised many people that the child can memorize 50 poems
(那孩子能背50首詩令很多人驚訝。)
→ that引導名詞子句當主詞,視為一個名詞,接單數動詞has
That the city will be locked down is a rumor.
= It is a rumor that the city will be locked down
(那城市將要封城是謠言。)
→ that引導名詞子句當主詞,視為一個名詞,接單數動詞is
II. 當受詞
- that引導名詞子句時,可以當受詞,整個子句看成一個單元。當受詞太長的時候會影響閱讀,這時大多會改成以虛受詞it代替真受詞的句型,請參考虛受詞it的用法篇。
- 一個that子句當成一件事情,二件事情以二個that子句表示,以此類推。
- that子句當受詞時,that可以省略,不會影響句子結構。但是在接二個子句當受詞時,第二個that不可以省略,會影響主結構。
Jason said that he would drop by tonight.
= Jason said (that) he would drop by tonight.
(Jason說今晚他會順道過來。)
→ that引導名詞子句當said的受詞,視為一件事情
→ that可以省略
Keith told Sharon that he loved her and that he would marry her.
= Keith told Sharon (that) he loved her and that he would marry her.
(Keith告訴Sharon說他愛她,而且會娶她。)
→ that引導二個名詞子句當told的受詞,表示Keith說了二件事情
→ 第二個that不可以省略
Nowadays, few people think that walking a ladder would bring bad luck true.
= Nowadays, few people think it true that walking a ladder would bring bad luck.
(如今,很少有人認為走梯子會帶來厄運。)
→ that引導名詞子句當think的受詞,但是受詞顯得略長,可改成用虛受詞it的句型
III. 當同位語
- that引導名詞子句時,可以直接放在名詞後當它的同位語(N+N),說明名詞的內容。
- 常用於這類的名詞的有news, fact, belief, thought, report, idea等。
The news that the new episode of this popular TV series will be released spreads quickly.
(這部熱門電視劇新一集要播映的消息迅速傳開。)
→ that引導名詞子句當the news的同位語,說明the news的內容
The belief that black cats bring bad luck is not scientifically proven.
(認為黑貓會帶來厄運的信念沒有得到科學證明。)
→ that引導名詞子句當the belief的同位語,說明the belief的內容
IV. 當主詞補語
- that引導的名詞子句可以放在be動詞後當主詞的補語,句型是S + be + that + S + V.
- 常用在此句型當主詞的名詞有opinion (意見), belief (信念), suggestion (建議), advice (忠告)
My opinion is that we should ask the government to take immediate action.
(我的意見是我們應該要求政府採取立即行動。)
→ that引導名詞子句當主詞my opinion的補語,補充說明主詞的內容
The message [that Hank told me] is that he would quit his job soon.
(Hank告訴我的訊息是他很快會辭職。)
→ 第一個that是引導形容詞子句修飾the message,第二個that引導名詞子句當主詞the message的補語
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✏️牛刀小試 [正解在最後]
- Do you know _______ what parents do affects a child enormously? (可複選)
(A) which
(B) that
(C) it
(D) X - ______ time is money is my motto.
(A) That
(B) What
(C) Which
(D) It - Ted認為他考試寫得很好而且會得到獎學金。
_______________________ - 我的建議是你應該廣泛閱讀以增進閱讀理解力。
________________________
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正解:
1. B; D
2. A
3. Ted thought that he did well on the exam and that he would win a scholarship.
4. My suggestion is that you should read extensively to improve reading comprehension.