no sooner…than 用法與代換|「一…就」用法大集合!

「鈴聲一響,學生們就衝出教室。」要怎麼翻譯呢?「一…就」表示「某件事一發生,另一件事就發生」,有很多表達法,例如 no sooner…than 、as soon as、on V-ing、upon V-ing、the moment…等,雖然意思一樣,但句型各不相同。

這篇將「一…就」全部用法大收集,從no sooner than開始一一清楚講解用法與代換,幫助你釐清概念、收穫滿滿!

一起來輕鬆學習「一…就」的完整用法吧!

 

 

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no sooner…than 的用法

  1. no sooner…than表示「一…就~」,表示「某件事一發生,另一件事就發生」。
  2. 表示「一…就~」的方式有很多,例如no sooner…than、as soon as、on V-ing、upon V-ing、the moment、the minute、the instant,搭配不同的句型,要留意使用。

 

I. S+had+ no sooner+pp +than+S V-ed

  1. 意思為「一…就~」
  2. no sooner會搭配過去完成式had pp,表示先發生的事情,是「一…」的部分,than後面接過去式動詞,是「就~」的部分。
  3. 記憶秘訣:當二個過去式的動作在比較時,過去完成式代表比過去式早發生的動作 (過去完成式的連結在此),所以no sooner(一…)是先發生的事情,搭配過去完成式had pp,than(就~)是後發生的事情,後面接過去式V-ed。
  4. no sooner…than可以代換成hardly…whenscarcely…before,也是先發生的事情hardly、scarcely搭配had pp,後發生的事情when、before搭配過去式。

The children had no sooner seen the big cake than they felt hungry.

(孩子們一看到大蛋糕就覺得餓了。)

→ 一看到蛋糕就餓了,先發生的用had no sooner than pp,後發生用than+S V-ed

 

Brad had no sooner received the parcel than he opened it.

(Brad一收到包裹就打開了。)

→ 一收到包裹就打開了,先發生的用had no sooner than pp,後發生用than+S V-ed

 

The thirsty runner had no sooner drunk some water than he felt refreshed.

= The thirsty runner had hardly drunk some water when he felt refreshed.

= The thirsty runner had scarcely drunk some water before he felt refreshed.

(口渴的跑步者一喝了點水,就感覺精神煥發了。)

→ 一喝到水就覺得有精神,先發生的用had no sooner than pp,後發生用than+S V-ed

→ 等於S+had hardly pp+when+S Ved與S+had scarcely pp+before+S Ved

 

 

II. no sooner + had+S+pp +than+S V-ed

  1. 這個句型是第一句的倒裝句,也很常見。
  2. 把no sooner移到句首做強調。因為no sooner屬於否定副詞,根據否定副詞倒裝句的用法得知將had移到主詞前。
  3. 記憶秘訣:當二個過去式的動作在比較時,過去完成式代表比過去式早發生的動作 (過去完成式的連結在此),所以no sooner(一…)是先發生的事情,搭配過去完成式had pp,than(就~)是後發生的事情,後面接過去式V-ed。
  4. no sooner…than可以代換成hardly…whenscarcely…before,也是先發生的事情hardly、scarcely搭配had pp,後發生的事情when、before搭配過去式。

Peter had no sooner heard the news than he forced a smile.
= No sooner had Peter heard the news than he forced a smile.

(Peter一讀完這封信,就擠出笑容。)

→ 將no sooner移到句首後變成倒裝句had+S

 

The firefighters had no sooner extinguished the fires than the people gave a cheer to them.
= No sooner had the firefighters extinguished the fires than the people gave a cheer to them.

(消防員剛撲滅大火,人們就為他們鼓掌。)

→ 將no sooner移到句首後變成倒裝句had+S

 

The baby had no sooner drunk up the milk than she burped.

= No sooner had the baby drunk up the milk than she burped.

= Hardly had the baby drunk up the milk when she burped.

= Scarcely had the baby drunk up the milk before she burped.

(寶寶剛喝完奶就打嗝了。)

→ 將no sooner移到句首後變成倒裝句had+S

 

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no sooner…than 的代換

代換1: As soon as + S+V, S + V.

  1. as soon as可以引導子句,表示「一…」,另一個子句表示「就~」。
  2. as soon as後面加S + V。

As soon as the boy turned off the TV, the noise disappeared.

(男孩一關掉電視,噪音就消失了。)

→ as soon as後面加S + V

 

As soon as the tired worker sat down, she felt better.

(疲憊的工人一坐下,她就感覺好多了。)

→ as soon as後面加S + V

 

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代換2: The moment/minute/instant+ S+V, S + V

  1. 要表示「一… 就~」也可以用the moment、the minute、the instant引導子句表示。
  2. the moment、the minute、the instant後面加S + V。

The moment Jessie opened the box, she shouted with excitement.

(Jessie一打開盒子,她興奮地大叫。)

→ The moment後面加S + V

 

The minute the opera singer began to sing, the audience applauded enthusiastically.

(歌劇演員一開始唱歌,觀眾就熱烈鼓掌。)

→ The minute後面加S + V

 

有紮實的文法概念對於新多益或英檢考試都能輕鬆應付。面對多益100題選擇,絕對要把握前30題用來飆分搶時的文法與單字題。如果要結合新多益(New TOEIC)準備,推薦怪物講師系列。有興趣的朋友,也可以到 博客來網路書店 參考:

 

代換3: On/Upon+V-ing, S + V

  1. 當前後句的主詞相同時才可以用這個句型。
  2. 用On/Upon+V-ing表示「一… 就~」(詳細用法連結在此)。

On arriving at the airport, the businessman made a phone call to his wife.

(一到機場,商人就給妻子打了電話。)

→ 前後主詞一樣,可以用On+V-ing的句型

 

Upon finishing his homework, the boy started to play the video game.

(做完作業後,男孩開始玩電子遊戲。)

→ 前後主詞一樣,可以用Upon+V-ing的句型

 

 

✏️牛刀小試

  1. Joshua ________ off his shirt than he sneezed.
    (A) just took
    (B) had no sooner taken
    (C) didn’t take
    (D) did he take
  2. _______ the alarm clock gone off than Fiona awoke.
    (A) No sooner had
    (B) Scarcely had
    (C) Hardly had
    (D) As soon as
  3. ________, the taxi driver took a shower.
    (A) As soon as getting home
    (B) Upon getting home
    (C) No sooner had he got home
    (D) He had no sooner got home
  4. 這媽媽一睡著,她女兒就開始看漫畫。
    ___________________________________________________________________

📜 與 倒裝句 相關的連結

 

正解:

1. B

2. A

3. B

4. No sooner had the mother fallen asleep than her daughter started to read comic books.

 

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