no sooner…than 用法與代換|「一…就」用法大集合!
「鈴聲一響,學生們就衝出教室。」要怎麼翻譯呢?「一…就」表示「某件事一發生,另一件事就發生」,有很多表達法,例如 no sooner…than 、as soon as、on V-ing、upon V-ing、the moment…等,雖然意思一樣,但句型各不相同。
這篇將「一…就」全部用法大收集,從no sooner than開始一一清楚講解用法與代換,幫助你釐清概念、收穫滿滿!
一起來輕鬆學習「一…就」的完整用法吧!
no sooner…than 的用法
- no sooner…than表示「一…就~」,表示「某件事一發生,另一件事就發生」。
- 表示「一…就~」的方式有很多,例如no sooner…than、as soon as、on V-ing、upon V-ing、the moment、the minute、the instant,搭配不同的句型,要留意使用。
I. S+had+ no sooner+pp +than+S V-ed
- 意思為「一…就~」。
- no sooner會搭配過去完成式had pp,表示先發生的事情,是「一…」的部分,than後面接過去式動詞,是「就~」的部分。
- 記憶秘訣:當二個過去式的動作在比較時,過去完成式代表比過去式早發生的動作 (過去完成式的連結在此),所以no sooner(一…)是先發生的事情,搭配過去完成式had pp,than(就~)是後發生的事情,後面接過去式V-ed。
- no sooner…than可以代換成hardly…when或scarcely…before,也是先發生的事情hardly、scarcely搭配had pp,後發生的事情when、before搭配過去式。
The children had no sooner seen the big cake than they felt hungry.
(孩子們一看到大蛋糕就覺得餓了。)
→ 一看到蛋糕就餓了,先發生的用had no sooner than pp,後發生用than+S V-ed
Brad had no sooner received the parcel than he opened it.
(Brad一收到包裹就打開了。)
→ 一收到包裹就打開了,先發生的用had no sooner than pp,後發生用than+S V-ed
The thirsty runner had no sooner drunk some water than he felt refreshed.
= The thirsty runner had hardly drunk some water when he felt refreshed.
= The thirsty runner had scarcely drunk some water before he felt refreshed.
(口渴的跑步者一喝了點水,就感覺精神煥發了。)
→ 一喝到水就覺得有精神,先發生的用had no sooner than pp,後發生用than+S V-ed
→ 等於S+had hardly pp+when+S Ved與S+had scarcely pp+before+S Ved
II. no sooner + had+S+pp +than+S V-ed
- 這個句型是第一句的倒裝句,也很常見。
- 把no sooner移到句首做強調。因為no sooner屬於否定副詞,根據否定副詞倒裝句的用法得知將had移到主詞前。
- 記憶秘訣:當二個過去式的動作在比較時,過去完成式代表比過去式早發生的動作 (過去完成式的連結在此),所以no sooner(一…)是先發生的事情,搭配過去完成式had pp,than(就~)是後發生的事情,後面接過去式V-ed。
- no sooner…than可以代換成hardly…when或scarcely…before,也是先發生的事情hardly、scarcely搭配had pp,後發生的事情when、before搭配過去式。
Peter had no sooner heard the news than he forced a smile.
= No sooner had Peter heard the news than he forced a smile.(Peter一讀完這封信,就擠出笑容。)
→ 將no sooner移到句首後變成倒裝句had+S
The firefighters had no sooner extinguished the fires than the people gave a cheer to them.
= No sooner had the firefighters extinguished the fires than the people gave a cheer to them.(消防員剛撲滅大火,人們就為他們鼓掌。)
→ 將no sooner移到句首後變成倒裝句had+S
The baby had no sooner drunk up the milk than she burped.
= No sooner had the baby drunk up the milk than she burped.
= Hardly had the baby drunk up the milk when she burped.
= Scarcely had the baby drunk up the milk before she burped.
(寶寶剛喝完奶就打嗝了。)
→ 將no sooner移到句首後變成倒裝句had+S
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no sooner…than 的代換
代換1: As soon as + S+V, S + V.
- as soon as可以引導子句,表示「一…」,另一個子句表示「就~」。
- as soon as後面加S + V。
As soon as the boy turned off the TV, the noise disappeared.
(男孩一關掉電視,噪音就消失了。)
→ as soon as後面加S + V
As soon as the tired worker sat down, she felt better.
(疲憊的工人一坐下,她就感覺好多了。)
→ as soon as後面加S + V
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代換2: The moment/minute/instant+ S+V, S + V
- 要表示「一… 就~」也可以用the moment、the minute、the instant引導子句表示。
- the moment、the minute、the instant後面加S + V。
The moment Jessie opened the box, she shouted with excitement.
(Jessie一打開盒子,她興奮地大叫。)
→ The moment後面加S + V
The minute the opera singer began to sing, the audience applauded enthusiastically.
(歌劇演員一開始唱歌,觀眾就熱烈鼓掌。)
→ The minute後面加S + V
有紮實的文法概念對於新多益或英檢考試都能輕鬆應付。面對多益100題選擇,絕對要把握前30題用來飆分搶時的文法與單字題。如果要結合新多益(New TOEIC)準備,推薦怪物講師系列。有興趣的朋友,也可以到 博客來網路書店 參考:
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代換3: On/Upon+V-ing, S + V
- 當前後句的主詞相同時才可以用這個句型。
- 用On/Upon+V-ing表示「一… 就~」(詳細用法連結在此)。
On arriving at the airport, the businessman made a phone call to his wife.
(一到機場,商人就給妻子打了電話。)
→ 前後主詞一樣,可以用On+V-ing的句型
Upon finishing his homework, the boy started to play the video game.
(做完作業後,男孩開始玩電子遊戲。)
→ 前後主詞一樣,可以用Upon+V-ing的句型
✏️牛刀小試
- Joshua ________ off his shirt than he sneezed.
(A) just took
(B) had no sooner taken
(C) didn’t take
(D) did he take - _______ the alarm clock gone off than Fiona awoke.
(A) No sooner had
(B) Scarcely had
(C) Hardly had
(D) As soon as - ________, the taxi driver took a shower.
(A) As soon as getting home
(B) Upon getting home
(C) No sooner had he got home
(D) He had no sooner got home - 這媽媽一睡著,她女兒就開始看漫畫。
___________________________________________________________________
📜 與 倒裝句 相關的連結
正解:
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. No sooner had the mother fallen asleep than her daughter started to read comic books.