篇章結構應該是繼文意選填後讓大部分人很頭痛的題型吧！文意選填是填單字、片語，篇章結構要填入句子，需要「瞻前顧後」，考慮文意才能正確選答，真是讓人傷透腦筋！不僅舊課綱考篇章結構，108新課綱的學測英文也考篇章結構。可見有多重要！

免驚！只要掌握好篇章結構解題技巧，一步一步拆解，就能一題一題過關，再也不卡關喔！

英文篇章結構基本技巧

一篇通順的文章必須句句相連，下文接承上文，在主詞與代名詞、時態、文意方面都必須有關聯，因此答題時可以用這幾個關鍵點找出蛛絲馬跡來破解：
以109指考補考的篇章題目為例：

•     Every civilization is built upon rules and regulations. In ancient Egypt, the government was dominated by a single figure, the Pharaoh, who was considered the divine representative of gods on earth. ___31___ He was the supreme ruler and owned all of Egypt, the land and all the people who lived there.
•     ___32___ There was a hierarchy of rulers and leaders below him who ran different aspects of the government. The primary leader under the Pharaoh was named the vizier. The vizier was the “right-hand man” of the Pharaoh and had a status equivalent to that of a prime minister. ___33___ They ruled over an area of land called a nome. A nome was like a state or province.
•     Other officials that reported to the Pharaoh were the army commander, chief treasurer, and the minister of public works. Since government and religion were inseparable in ancient Egypt, many of the officials were also priests and holy men. This group had a special status above the rest of the citizens, forming a kind of nobility. ___34___
•     In the several-thousand-year span of Egyptian history, the general method of governing was quite consistent. ___35___ The consistency of this governing system is what allowed Egypt to remain a prominent country for such a long time.

(A) Under the vizier were local governors called nomarks.
(B) The Pharaoh, however, could not run the government all by himself.
(C) As a living god, the Pharaoh was given absolute control over his subjects.
(D) Governors of specific pieces of land were sometimes controlled by the vizier.
(E)  It only changed when parts of Egypt were invaded or someone overthrew the government.
(F)  Together with the Pharaoh, the viziers, and the nomarks, these officials and nobles governed the country.

答案：1. (C)   2. (B)   3. (A)  4. (F)   5. (E)

線索1：主詞、受詞與代名詞

前一句若主詞為名詞，則後一句常會把主詞改成代名詞，或者在下一句會當相應的受詞。反推回來，後面的代名詞主詞必須與前面對應。大考常考的方式是從後句推論前句，因此從主詞找出對應的人、事、物即可輕易找出選項。代名詞有：I, you, he, she, him, her, they, them, it, myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, themselves, this, that
例如：

In ancient Egypt, the government was dominated by a single figure, the Pharaoh, who was considered the divine representative of gods on earth.  ___31___    He was the supreme ruler and owned all of Egypt, the land and all the people who lived there.

→ 解題技巧：
a. 空格後的句子主詞為代名詞He，可見31題的句子必定有這些線索：「人、男性、單數」
b. 選項中有以「人、男性、單數」為主詞的有(B)和(C)。接著加上句意線索來選出答案。

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線索2：句意、相同字、相關字義

考試中挖的空格都是經過老師們深思熟慮而設計的，通常會留有線索供判斷。有時候是同樣的字義，只是換詞性，有時候是相關可聯想在一起的字。

例如：

In ancient Egypt, the government was dominated by a single figure, the Pharaoh, who was considered the divine representative of gods on earth.  ___31___    He was the supreme ruler and owned all of Egypt, the land and all the people who lived there.

→ 31題解題技巧：

題目藍字的部分可以與選項(C)的藍字部分相呼應，而(B)的句意內容則沒有對應。可確定答案為(C)。
(B) The Pharaoh, however, could not run the government all by himself.
(C) As a living god, the Pharaoh was given absolute control over his subjects.
一起來結合二個技巧解題。你會發現像一塊蛋糕一樣非常容易！

___32___ There was a hierarchy of rulers and leaders below him who ran different aspects of the government.

→ 32題解題技巧：

a. 空格後的出現代名詞him，可見32題的句子主詞或受詞必定有提到這些線索：「人、男性、單數」
b. 選項中有以「人、男性、單數」為主詞或受詞的只剩下(B)。
(B) The Pharaoh, however, could not run the government all by himself.
接著加上句意線索來確定答案。
題目藍字的部分可與選項中的藍字作呼應，可見32題是描述「法老王無法完全自己運作政府」，後面接「在他之下有一個管理者和領導者的階層」，句意通順，確定答案為(B)。

___33___ They ruled over an area of land called a nome. A nome was like a state or province.

→ 33題解題技巧：

a. 空格後出現代名詞They，可見33題的句子主詞或受詞必定有提到這些線索：「人、複數」
b. 選項中有以「人、複數」為主詞或受詞的有(A)、(D)、(F)。
(A) Under the vizier were local governors called nomarks. (本句為地方副詞在句首的倒裝句，主詞為local governors called nomarks)
(D) Governors of specific pieces of land were sometimes controlled by the vizier.
(F)  Together with the Pharaoh, the viziers, and the nomarks, these officials and nobles governed the country.
接著加上句意線索來確定答案。
題目藍字的部分可與選項中的藍字作呼應，可見33題是指出「在高官下有稱做nomarks的當地州長」，後面接「他們統治稱作nome(省)的土地」，句意通順，確定答案為(A)。

This group had a special status above the rest of the citizens, forming a kind of nobility. ___34___

→ 34題解題技巧：

a. 空格前的句子主詞為This group，含代名詞This，34題在本段最後一句，可見應該會跟前一句意思高度相關，推知34題的主詞或受詞可能是：「這個團體」、「人、複數」或代名詞it
b. 選項中有以「這個團體」、「人、複數」或代名詞it為主詞或受詞的有(E)和(F)。
(E)  It only changed when parts of Egypt were invaded or someone overthrew the government.
(F)  Together with the Pharaoh, the viziers, and the nomarks, these officials and nobles governed the country.
接著加上句意線索來確定答案。
題目藍字的部分可與選項中的藍字作呼應，可見34題前面是指出「這個團體有在其他市民之上的特殊地位」，後面接「這些官員與貴族和法老王、高官、州省長一起統治國家」，句意通順，確定答案為(F)。

In the several-thousand-year span of Egyptian history, the general method of governing was quite consistent. ___35___ The consistency of this governing system is what allowed Egypt to remain a prominent country for such a long time.

→ 35題解題技巧：

a. 空格前與後的句子都有consistent與the consistency，被不同詞性但意思相同的字包夾，可見有高度相關。35題前的主詞為the general method，可見在高度相關的條件下，35題的主詞應該會跟前一句呼應，推知主詞或受詞可能是：代名詞it
b. 選項中有以代名詞it為主詞或受詞的有(E)。
接著加上句意線索來確定答案。
(E)  It only changed when parts of Egypt were invaded or someone overthrew the government.
前後提到統治的方法很相符，中間35題說明這方法(It)只會在埃及的某些部分被侵略或政府被推翻時改變。題目藍字的部分與選項中的藍字相呼應，確定答案為(E)。

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